Over het archief
Het OWA, het open archief van het Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium heeft tot doel alle vrij toegankelijke onderzoeksresultaten van dit instituut in digitale vorm aan te bieden. Op die manier wil het de zichtbaarheid, verspreiding en gebruik van deze onderzoeksresultaten, alsook de wetenschappelijke communicatie maximaal bevorderen.
Dit archief wordt uitgebouwd en beheerd volgens de principes van de Open Access Movement, en het daaruit ontstane Open Archives Initiative.
Basisinformatie over ‘Open Access to scholarly information'.
| one publication added to basket [311556] |
Assisted reverse electrodialysis-principles, mechanisms, and potential
In: npj Clean Water. Nature Publishing Group: United Kingdom. e-ISSN 2059-7037, meer
|   |
| Auteurs | | Top |
|
- Vermaas, D.A.
- Verliefde, A., meer
|
|
| Abstract |
Although seawater reverse osmosis (RO) is nearing its thermodynamic minimum energy limit, it is still an energy-intensive process, requiring 2–3 kWh/m³ at a recovery of 50%. Pre-desalination of the seawater by reverse electrodialysis (RED), using an impaired water source, can further decrease this energy demand by producing energy and reducing the seawater concentration. However, RED is hampered by the initial high resistance of the fresh water source, resulting in a high required membrane area (i.e., high investment costs). In this paper, a new process is presented that can overcome this initial resistance and decrease the RED investment cost without the need for additional infrastructure: assisted RED (ARED). In ARED, a small potential difference is applied in the direction of the natural salinity gradient, increasing the ionic transport rate and rapidly decreasing the initial diluate resistance. This decreasing resistance is shown to outweigh any negative effects caused by, for example, concentration polarization, resulting in a process that is more efficient than theoretically expected. As this effect is mainly important at low diluate concentrations (up to 0.1 M), ARED is proposed as a first step in an economic and energy efficient (A)RED-RO hybrid process. |
IMIS is ontwikkeld en wordt gehost door het VLIZ.
