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Temperature, pH, and diet interactively affect biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids in a benthic harpacticoid copepod
Boyen, J.; Rodríguez, M.T.; Vlaeminck, B.; Fink, P.; Hablützel, P.I.; De Troch, M. (2024). Temperature, pH, and diet interactively affect biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids in a benthic harpacticoid copepod. Limnol. Oceanogr. 70(2): 334-348. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lno.12763
In: Limnology and Oceanography. American Society of Limnology and Oceanography: Waco, Tex., etc. ISSN 0024-3590; e-ISSN 1939-5590, meer
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Platychelipus littoralis Brady, 1880 [WoRMS]
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- Fink, P.
- Hablützel, P.I., meer
- De Troch, M., meer
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| Abstract |
Greenhouse gas emissions lead to ocean warming and acidification, negatively impacting marine organisms and their functioning, including long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) production by marine microalgae. Copepods, primary consumers of microalgae, possess a unique capacity for endogenous LC-PUFA biosynthesis, possibly enabling them to cope with reduced dietary LC-PUFA availabilities. However, this capacity may be itself impacted by changing oceanographic conditions. In this study, we conducted a laboratory experiment to evaluate the combined effects of warming (+3°C), acidification (−0.4 pH), and dietary LC-PUFA deficiency on the fatty acid composition and LC-PUFA biosynthesis (measured by quantitative RT-PCR) of the benthic harpacticoid copepod Platychelipus littoralis (Brady, 1880). We hypothesized increased LC-PUFA biosynthesis under all drivers compensating for LC-PUFA reductions. Lipid profiles of copepods exposed to multiple stressors contained shorter-chained and more saturated fatty acids. While copepods maintained base-line relative concentrations of the physiologically important LC-PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on an LC-PUFA deficient diet at ambient temperatures, DHA concentrations decreased significantly with higher temperatures. Expression of the DHA biosynthesis genes Δ4 front-end desaturase and elovl1a increased under dietary LC-PUFA deficiency but did not exceed base-line levels when simultaneously exposed to acidification. Expression of Δ4 front-end desaturase and multiple elongases correlated positively with C18 precursor concentrations and negatively with those of LC-PUFAs such as DHA, indicating their role as LC-PUFA biosynthesis enzymes. Overall, our findings suggest that ocean warming and acidification may impede benthic copepods' LC-PUFA biosynthesis capacity under reduced dietary inputs, limiting their contribution toward global LC-PUFA availability for higher trophic levels. |
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