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| A chemical and toxicological profile of Dutch North Sea surface sediments Klamer, H.J.C.; Leonards, P.E.G.; Lamoree, M.H.; Villerius, L.A.; Åkerman, J.E.; Bakker, J.F. (2005). A chemical and toxicological profile of Dutch North Sea surface sediments. Chemosphere 58(11): 1579-1587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.11.027
In: Chemosphere. Elsevier: Oxford. ISSN 0045-6535; e-ISSN 1879-1298, meer
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Responses in the Microtox broad-spectrum and the Mutatox genotoxicity assays were generally low, with near-shore locations giving higher responses. The umu-C genotoxicity and the ER-CALUX assay for estrogenicity showed no response, with the exception of one near-shore location (IJmuiden outer harbour, ER-CALUX). Highest dioxin-like toxicity (DR-CALUX) was found at near-shore locations, in the outflow of the Rhine/Meuse estuary including a dumping site of harbour sludge. At the Oyster Grounds, DR-CALUX responses appeared to be linked to the occurrence of larger PAHs (4–6 rings). A new, non-destructive clean up procedure resulted in significantly higher DR-CALUX responses than the current protocol. The Dutch legislation on disposal of harbour sludge at sea, dictates the use of the conventional clean up procedure. Our results therefore indicate that probably more dioxin-like toxicity associated with harbour sludge is disposed off at sea than assumed. |
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